AmericanWays - (EPUB全文下载)

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AMERICAN
WAYS
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AMERICAN
WAYS
A Cultural Guide to the United States
Third Edition
GARY ALTHEN
WITH JANET BENNETT
 
This edition first published by Intercultural Press, an imprint of Nicholas Brealey Publishing, in 2011.
20 Park Plaza, Suite 1115A 3-5 Spafield Street, Clerkenwell
Boston, MA 02116, USA
London, EC1R 4QB, UK
Tel: + 617-523-3801
Tel: +44-(0)-207-239-0360
Fax: + 617-523-3708
Fax: +44-(0)-207-239-0370
www.interculturalpress.com
www.nicholasbrealey.com
© 1988, 2003 by Gary Althen
© 2011 by Gary Althen
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission from the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles or reviews.
Printed in the United States of America
15 14 13 12 11 1 2 3 4 5
ISBN: 978-0-98424-717-2
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C O N T E N T S
PREFACE TO THE THIRD EDITION xi
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xvii
INTRODUCTION xix
On Understanding xix
How Much Generalizing Is Acceptable? xxi
On Asking “Why?” xxiv
How Americans See Themselves xxvi
How Americans See Foreigners xxvii
On Describing Americans xxix
Part I
General Ideas about american Culture
1
Chapter 1
American Values and Assumptions 3
 
Individualism, Freedom, Competitiveness, and Privacy 5
Equality 12
Informality 14
The Future, Change, and Progress 15
Goodness of Humanity 17
Time 19
Achievement, Action, Work, and Materialism 21
Directness and Assertiveness 23
 
Chapter 2
The Communicative Style of Americans
27
Preferred Discussion Topics 28
Favorite Forms of Interaction 30
Depth of Involvement Sought 33
Channels Preferred 35
Level of Meaning Emphasized 43
 
 
Chapter 3
Ways of Reasoning 45
The Context 46
The Point 48
The Organization 49
The Evidence 50
The Cause 53
 
 
Chapter 4
Differences in Customs 55
Variations in Customs 57
U.S. Americans and Their Customs 57
Customary Behaviors 59
 
 
Part II
Specific aspects of american Life
63
 
Chapter 5
Politics 65
The Rule of Law 67
The Ideal of Compromise 68
Politics Apart 69
 
 
 
Fundamental Fault Lines in American Politics Suggestions for International Visitors 73
70
Chapter 6
Family Life 75
 
 
What Foreigners Notice 75
The Changing Family 77
Parenting 80
Suggestions for International Visitors 86
 
Chapter 7
Education 89
Guiding Ideals 90
Social Forces Affecting American Education 97
Issues Facing American Schools 100
Advantages and Disadvantages 102
Suggestions for International Visitors 103
 
Chapter 8
Religion 105
The ............

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